Normalize texture cache keys to prevent duplicate GPU textures

src/rendering/character_renderer.cpp

@@ -312,15 +312,23 @@ GLuint CharacterRenderer::loadTexture(const std::string& path) {
     }
     if (allWhitespace) return whiteTexture;
 
+    auto normalizeKey = [](std::string key) {
+        std::replace(key.begin(), key.end(), '/', '\\');
+        std::transform(key.begin(), key.end(), key.begin(),
+                       [](unsigned char c) { return static_cast<char>(std::tolower(c)); });
+        return key;
+    };
+    std::string key = normalizeKey(path);
+
     // Check cache
-    auto it = textureCache.find(path);
+    auto it = textureCache.find(key);
     if (it != textureCache.end()) return it->second;
 
     if (!assetManager || !assetManager->isInitialized()) {
         return whiteTexture;
     }
 
-    auto blpImage = assetManager->loadTexture(path);
+    auto blpImage = assetManager->loadTexture(key);
     if (!blpImage.isValid()) {
         core::Logger::getInstance().warning("Failed to load texture: ", path);
         // Do not cache failures as white. Some asset reads can fail transiently and
@@ -341,7 +349,7 @@ GLuint CharacterRenderer::loadTexture(const std::string& path) {
     applyAnisotropicFiltering();
     glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
 
-    textureCache[path] = texId;
+    textureCache[key] = texId;
     core::Logger::getInstance().info("Loaded character texture: ", path, " (", blpImage.width, "x", blpImage.height, ")");
     return texId;
 }

src/rendering/m2_renderer.cpp

@@ -2674,14 +2674,22 @@ void M2Renderer::cleanupUnusedModels() {
 }
 
 GLuint M2Renderer::loadTexture(const std::string& path) {
+    auto normalizeKey = [](std::string key) {
+        std::replace(key.begin(), key.end(), '/', '\\');
+        std::transform(key.begin(), key.end(), key.begin(),
+                       [](unsigned char c) { return static_cast<char>(std::tolower(c)); });
+        return key;
+    };
+    std::string key = normalizeKey(path);
+
     // Check cache
-    auto it = textureCache.find(path);
+    auto it = textureCache.find(key);
     if (it != textureCache.end()) {
         return it->second;
     }
 
     // Load BLP texture
-    pipeline::BLPImage blp = assetManager->loadTexture(path);
+    pipeline::BLPImage blp = assetManager->loadTexture(key);
     if (!blp.isValid()) {
         LOG_WARNING("M2: Failed to load texture: ", path);
         // Don't cache failures — transient StormLib thread contention can
@@ -2706,7 +2714,7 @@ GLuint M2Renderer::loadTexture(const std::string& path) {
 
     glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
 
-    textureCache[path] = textureID;
+    textureCache[key] = textureID;
     LOG_DEBUG("M2: Loaded texture: ", path, " (", blp.width, "x", blp.height, ")");
 
     return textureID;

src/rendering/terrain_renderer.cpp

@@ -223,14 +223,22 @@ TerrainChunkGPU TerrainRenderer::uploadChunk(const pipeline::ChunkMesh& chunk) {
 }
 
 GLuint TerrainRenderer::loadTexture(const std::string& path) {
+    auto normalizeKey = [](std::string key) {
+        std::replace(key.begin(), key.end(), '/', '\\');
+        std::transform(key.begin(), key.end(), key.begin(),
+                       [](unsigned char c) { return static_cast<char>(std::tolower(c)); });
+        return key;
+    };
+    std::string key = normalizeKey(path);
+
     // Check cache first
-    auto it = textureCache.find(path);
+    auto it = textureCache.find(key);
     if (it != textureCache.end()) {
         return it->second;
     }
 
     // Load BLP texture
-    pipeline::BLPImage blp = assetManager->loadTexture(path);
+    pipeline::BLPImage blp = assetManager->loadTexture(key);
     if (!blp.isValid()) {
         LOG_WARNING("Failed to load texture: ", path);
         // Do not cache failure as white: MPQ/file reads can fail transiently
@@ -261,7 +269,7 @@ GLuint TerrainRenderer::loadTexture(const std::string& path) {
     glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
 
     // Cache texture
-    textureCache[path] = textureID;
+    textureCache[key] = textureID;
 
     LOG_DEBUG("Loaded texture: ", path, " (", blp.width, "x", blp.height, ")");
 
@@ -269,9 +277,16 @@ GLuint TerrainRenderer::loadTexture(const std::string& path) {
 }
 
 void TerrainRenderer::uploadPreloadedTextures(const std::unordered_map<std::string, pipeline::BLPImage>& textures) {
+    auto normalizeKey = [](std::string key) {
+        std::replace(key.begin(), key.end(), '/', '\\');
+        std::transform(key.begin(), key.end(), key.begin(),
+                       [](unsigned char c) { return static_cast<char>(std::tolower(c)); });
+        return key;
+    };
     for (const auto& [path, blp] : textures) {
+        std::string key = normalizeKey(path);
         // Skip if already cached
-        if (textureCache.find(path) != textureCache.end()) continue;
+        if (textureCache.find(key) != textureCache.end()) continue;
         if (!blp.isValid()) {
             // Don't poison cache with white on invalid preload; allow fallback
             // path to retry loading this texture later.
@@ -292,7 +307,7 @@ void TerrainRenderer::uploadPreloadedTextures(const std::unordered_map<std::stri
         applyAnisotropicFiltering();
         glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
 
-        textureCache[path] = textureID;
+        textureCache[key] = textureID;
     }
 }
 

src/rendering/wmo_renderer.cpp

@@ -1615,14 +1615,22 @@ GLuint WMORenderer::loadTexture(const std::string& path) {
         return whiteTexture;
     }
 
+    auto normalizeKey = [](std::string key) {
+        std::replace(key.begin(), key.end(), '/', '\\');
+        std::transform(key.begin(), key.end(), key.begin(),
+                       [](unsigned char c) { return static_cast<char>(std::tolower(c)); });
+        return key;
+    };
+    std::string key = normalizeKey(path);
+
     // Check cache first
-    auto it = textureCache.find(path);
+    auto it = textureCache.find(key);
     if (it != textureCache.end()) {
         return it->second;
     }
 
     // Load BLP texture
-    pipeline::BLPImage blp = assetManager->loadTexture(path);
+    pipeline::BLPImage blp = assetManager->loadTexture(key);
     if (!blp.isValid()) {
         core::Logger::getInstance().warning("WMO: Failed to load texture: ", path);
         // Do not cache failures as white. MPQ reads can fail transiently
@@ -1654,7 +1662,7 @@ GLuint WMORenderer::loadTexture(const std::string& path) {
     glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
 
     // Cache it
-    textureCache[path] = textureID;
+    textureCache[key] = textureID;
     core::Logger::getInstance().debug("WMO: Loaded texture: ", path, " (", blp.width, "x", blp.height, ")");
 
     return textureID;