Preload terrain textures on background thread and fix ramp Z-snapping

Load BLP texture data during prepareTile() and upload to GL cache in
finalizeTile(), eliminating file I/O stalls on the main thread. Reduce
ready tiles per frame to 1. Fix camera sweep to snap Z to ramp surfaces.
Change hearthstone action bar slot from spell to item.

include/rendering/terrain_manager.hpp

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include "pipeline/terrain_mesh.hpp"
 #include "pipeline/m2_loader.hpp"
 #include "pipeline/wmo_loader.hpp"
+#include "pipeline/blp_loader.hpp"
 #include <string>
 #include <unordered_map>
 #include <unordered_set>
@@ -103,6 +104,10 @@ struct PendingTile {
         glm::mat4 modelMatrix;     // Pre-computed world transform
     };
     std::vector<WMODoodadReady> wmoDoodads;
+
+    // Pre-loaded terrain texture BLP data (loaded on background thread to avoid
+    // blocking file I/O on the main thread during finalizeTile)
+    std::unordered_map<std::string, pipeline::BLPImage> preloadedTextures;
 };
 
 /**

include/rendering/terrain_renderer.hpp

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "pipeline/terrain_mesh.hpp"
+#include "pipeline/blp_loader.hpp"
 #include "rendering/shader.hpp"
 #include "rendering/texture.hpp"
 #include "rendering/camera.hpp"
@@ -87,6 +88,12 @@ public:
      */
     void removeTile(int tileX, int tileY);
 
+    /**
+     * Upload pre-loaded BLP textures to the GL texture cache.
+     * Called before loadTerrain() so texture loading avoids file I/O.
+     */
+    void uploadPreloadedTextures(const std::unordered_map<std::string, pipeline::BLPImage>& textures);
+
     /**
      * Render loaded terrain
      * @param camera Camera for view/projection matrices

src/game/game_handler.cpp

@@ -30,13 +30,12 @@ GameHandler::GameHandler() {
 
     // Default spells always available
     knownSpells.push_back(6603);  // Attack
-    knownSpells.push_back(8690);  // Hearthstone
 
     // Default action bar layout
     actionBar[0].type = ActionBarSlot::SPELL;
     actionBar[0].id = 6603;   // Attack in slot 1
-    actionBar[11].type = ActionBarSlot::SPELL;
+    actionBar[11].type = ActionBarSlot::ITEM;
-    actionBar[11].id = 8690;  // Hearthstone in slot 12
+    actionBar[11].id = 6948;  // Hearthstone item in slot 12
 }
 
 GameHandler::~GameHandler() {
@@ -3788,13 +3787,10 @@ void GameHandler::handleInitialSpells(network::Packet& packet) {
 
     knownSpells = data.spellIds;
 
-    // Ensure Attack (6603) and Hearthstone (8690) are always present
+    // Ensure Attack (6603) is always present
     if (std::find(knownSpells.begin(), knownSpells.end(), 6603u) == knownSpells.end()) {
         knownSpells.insert(knownSpells.begin(), 6603u);
     }
-    if (std::find(knownSpells.begin(), knownSpells.end(), 8690u) == knownSpells.end()) {
-        knownSpells.push_back(8690u);
-    }
 
     // Set initial cooldowns
     for (const auto& cd : data.cooldowns) {
@@ -3803,11 +3799,11 @@ void GameHandler::handleInitialSpells(network::Packet& packet) {
         }
     }
 
-    // Load saved action bar or use defaults (Attack slot 1, Hearthstone slot 12)
+    // Load saved action bar or use defaults (Attack slot 1, Hearthstone item slot 12)
     actionBar[0].type = ActionBarSlot::SPELL;
     actionBar[0].id = 6603;  // Attack
-    actionBar[11].type = ActionBarSlot::SPELL;
+    actionBar[11].type = ActionBarSlot::ITEM;
-    actionBar[11].id = 8690;  // Hearthstone
+    actionBar[11].id = 6948;  // Hearthstone item
     loadCharacterConfig();
 
     LOG_INFO("Learned ", knownSpells.size(), " spells");

src/rendering/camera_controller.cpp

@@ -465,6 +465,11 @@ void CameraController::update(float deltaTime) {
                             if (!walkable) {
                                 candidate.x = adjusted.x;
                                 candidate.y = adjusted.y;
+                            } else if (floorH && *floorH > candidate.z) {
+                                // Snap Z to ramp surface so subsequent sweep
+                                // steps measure feetZ from the ramp, not the
+                                // starting position.
+                                candidate.z = *floorH;
                             }
                         }
                     }

src/rendering/terrain_manager.cpp

@@ -465,11 +465,19 @@ std::unique_ptr<PendingTile> TerrainManager::prepareTile(int x, int y) {
         }
     }
 
+    // Pre-load terrain texture BLP data on background thread so finalizeTile
+    // doesn't block the main thread with file I/O.
+    for (const auto& texPath : pending->terrain.textures) {
+        if (pending->preloadedTextures.find(texPath) != pending->preloadedTextures.end()) continue;
+        pending->preloadedTextures[texPath] = assetManager->loadTexture(texPath);
+    }
+
     LOG_DEBUG("Prepared tile [", x, ",", y, "]: ",
              pending->m2Models.size(), " M2 models, ",
              pending->m2Placements.size(), " M2 placements, ",
              pending->wmoModels.size(), " WMOs, ",
-             pending->wmoDoodads.size(), " WMO doodads");
+             pending->wmoDoodads.size(), " WMO doodads, ",
+             pending->preloadedTextures.size(), " textures");
 
     return pending;
 }
@@ -489,6 +497,11 @@ void TerrainManager::finalizeTile(std::unique_ptr<PendingTile> pending) {
         return;
     }
 
+    // Upload pre-loaded textures to the GL cache so loadTerrain avoids file I/O
+    if (!pending->preloadedTextures.empty()) {
+        terrainRenderer->uploadPreloadedTextures(pending->preloadedTextures);
+    }
+
     // Upload terrain to GPU
     if (!terrainRenderer->loadTerrain(pending->mesh, pending->terrain.textures, x, y)) {
         LOG_ERROR("Failed to upload terrain to GPU for tile [", x, ",", y, "]");
@@ -657,9 +670,9 @@ void TerrainManager::workerLoop() {
 }
 
 void TerrainManager::processReadyTiles() {
-    // Process up to 2 ready tiles per frame to spread GPU work
+    // Process up to 1 ready tile per frame to avoid main-thread stalls
     int processed = 0;
-    const int maxPerFrame = 2;
+    const int maxPerFrame = 1;
 
     while (processed < maxPerFrame) {
         std::unique_ptr<PendingTile> pending;

src/rendering/terrain_renderer.cpp

@@ -252,6 +252,33 @@ GLuint TerrainRenderer::loadTexture(const std::string& path) {
     return textureID;
 }
 
+void TerrainRenderer::uploadPreloadedTextures(const std::unordered_map<std::string, pipeline::BLPImage>& textures) {
+    for (const auto& [path, blp] : textures) {
+        // Skip if already cached
+        if (textureCache.find(path) != textureCache.end()) continue;
+        if (!blp.isValid()) {
+            textureCache[path] = whiteTexture;
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        GLuint textureID;
+        glGenTextures(1, &textureID);
+        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, textureID);
+        glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA,
+                     blp.width, blp.height, 0,
+                     GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, blp.data.data());
+        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR);
+        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_REPEAT);
+        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_REPEAT);
+        glGenerateMipmap(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
+        applyAnisotropicFiltering();
+        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
+
+        textureCache[path] = textureID;
+    }
+}
+
 GLuint TerrainRenderer::createAlphaTexture(const std::vector<uint8_t>& alphaData) {
     if (alphaData.empty()) {
         return 0;