diff --git a/src/rendering/m2_renderer.cpp b/src/rendering/m2_renderer.cpp
index e487f64a..916b0ff0 100644
--- a/src/rendering/m2_renderer.cpp
+++ b/src/rendering/m2_renderer.cpp
@@ -2058,10 +2058,15 @@ void M2Renderer::update(float deltaTime, const glm::vec3& cameraPos, const glm::
         float paddedRadius = std::max(cullRadius * 1.5f, cullRadius + 3.0f);
         if (cullRadius > 0.0f && !updateFrustum.intersectsSphere(instance.position, paddedRadius)) continue;
 
+        // LOD 3 skip: models beyond 150 units use the lowest LOD mesh which has
+        // no visible skeletal animation.  Keep their last-computed bone matrices
+        // (always valid — seeded on spawn) and avoid the expensive per-bone work.
+        constexpr float kLOD3DistSq = 150.0f * 150.0f;
+        if (distSq > kLOD3DistSq) continue;
+
         // Distance-based frame skipping: update distant bones less frequently
         uint32_t boneInterval = 1;
-        if (distSq > 200.0f * 200.0f) boneInterval = 8;
-        else if (distSq > 100.0f * 100.0f) boneInterval = 4;
+        if (distSq > 100.0f * 100.0f) boneInterval = 4;
         else if (distSq > 50.0f * 50.0f) boneInterval = 2;
         instance.frameSkipCounter++;
         if ((instance.frameSkipCounter % boneInterval) != 0) continue;
diff --git a/src/rendering/water_renderer.cpp b/src/rendering/water_renderer.cpp
index 88c22879..6d9245f6 100644
--- a/src/rendering/water_renderer.cpp
+++ b/src/rendering/water_renderer.cpp
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include "rendering/vk_utils.hpp"
 #include "rendering/vk_frame_data.hpp"
 #include "rendering/camera.hpp"
+#include "rendering/frustum.hpp"
 #include "pipeline/adt_loader.hpp"
 #include "pipeline/wmo_loader.hpp"
 #include "core/logger.hpp"
@@ -1039,7 +1040,7 @@ void WaterRenderer::clear() {
 // ==============================================================
 
 void WaterRenderer::render(VkCommandBuffer cmd, VkDescriptorSet perFrameSet,
-                            const Camera& /*camera*/, float /*time*/, bool use1x, uint32_t frameIndex) {
+                            const Camera& camera, float /*time*/, bool use1x, uint32_t frameIndex) {
     VkPipeline pipeline = (use1x && water1xPipeline) ? water1xPipeline : waterPipeline;
     if (!renderingEnabled || surfaces.empty() || !pipeline) {
         if (renderDiagCounter_++ % 300 == 0 && !surfaces.empty()) {
@@ -1059,6 +1060,10 @@ void WaterRenderer::render(VkCommandBuffer cmd, VkDescriptorSet perFrameSet,
         return;
     }
 
+    // Frustum culling setup
+    Frustum frustum;
+    frustum.extractFromMatrix(camera.getViewProjectionMatrix());
+
     vkCmdBindPipeline(cmd, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipeline);
 
     vkCmdBindDescriptorSets(cmd, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipelineLayout,
@@ -1070,6 +1075,27 @@ void WaterRenderer::render(VkCommandBuffer cmd, VkDescriptorSet perFrameSet,
         if (surface.vertexBuffer == VK_NULL_HANDLE || surface.indexCount == 0) continue;
         if (!surface.materialSet) continue;
 
+        // Frustum cull: compute AABB from surface origin + step vectors
+        {
+            const glm::vec3 extentX = surface.stepX * static_cast<float>(surface.width);
+            const glm::vec3 extentY = surface.stepY * static_cast<float>(surface.height);
+            const glm::vec3 c0 = surface.origin;
+            const glm::vec3 c1 = surface.origin + extentX;
+            const glm::vec3 c2 = surface.origin + extentY;
+            const glm::vec3 c3 = surface.origin + extentX + extentY;
+            const glm::vec3 aabbMin(
+                std::min({c0.x, c1.x, c2.x, c3.x}),
+                std::min({c0.y, c1.y, c2.y, c3.y}),
+                surface.minHeight
+            );
+            const glm::vec3 aabbMax(
+                std::max({c0.x, c1.x, c2.x, c3.x}),
+                std::max({c0.y, c1.y, c2.y, c3.y}),
+                surface.maxHeight
+            );
+            if (!frustum.intersectsAABB(aabbMin, aabbMax)) continue;
+        }
+
         bool isWmoWater = (surface.wmoId != 0);
         bool canalProfile = isWmoWater || (surface.liquidType == 5);
         uint8_t basicType = (surface.liquidType == 0) ? 0 : ((surface.liquidType - 1) % 4);