Kelsidavis-WoWee/src/rendering/skybox.cpp

#include "rendering/skybox.hpp"
#include "rendering/vk_context.hpp"
#include "rendering/vk_shader.hpp"
#include "rendering/vk_pipeline.hpp"
#include "rendering/vk_frame_data.hpp"
#include "rendering/vk_utils.hpp"
#include "core/logger.hpp"
#include <glm/gtc/matrix_transform.hpp>
#include <cmath>
#include <vector>

namespace wowee {
namespace rendering {

Skybox::Skybox() = default;

Skybox::~Skybox() {
    shutdown();
}

bool Skybox::initialize(VkContext* ctx, VkDescriptorSetLayout perFrameLayout) {
    LOG_INFO("Initializing skybox");

    vkCtx = ctx;

    VkDevice device = vkCtx->getDevice();

    // Load SPIR-V shaders
    VkShaderModule vertModule;
    if (!vertModule.loadFromFile(device, "assets/shaders/skybox.vert.spv")) {
        LOG_ERROR("Failed to load skybox vertex shader");
        return false;
    }

    VkShaderModule fragModule;
    if (!fragModule.loadFromFile(device, "assets/shaders/skybox.frag.spv")) {
        LOG_ERROR("Failed to load skybox fragment shader");
        return false;
    }

    VkPipelineShaderStageCreateInfo vertStage = vertModule.stageInfo(VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT);
    VkPipelineShaderStageCreateInfo fragStage = fragModule.stageInfo(VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT);

    // Push constant range: horizonColor (vec4) + zenithColor (vec4) + timeOfDay (float) = 36 bytes
    VkPushConstantRange pushRange{};
    pushRange.stageFlags = VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT | VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT;
    pushRange.offset = 0;
    pushRange.size = sizeof(glm::vec4) + sizeof(glm::vec4) + sizeof(float);  // 36 bytes

    // Create pipeline layout with perFrameLayout (set 0) + push constants
    pipelineLayout = createPipelineLayout(device, {perFrameLayout}, {pushRange});
    if (pipelineLayout == VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
        LOG_ERROR("Failed to create skybox pipeline layout");
        return false;
    }

    // Vertex input: position only (vec3), stride = 3 * sizeof(float)
    VkVertexInputBindingDescription binding{};
    binding.binding = 0;
    binding.stride = 3 * sizeof(float);
    binding.inputRate = VK_VERTEX_INPUT_RATE_VERTEX;

    VkVertexInputAttributeDescription posAttr{};
    posAttr.location = 0;
    posAttr.binding = 0;
    posAttr.format = VK_FORMAT_R32G32B32_SFLOAT;
    posAttr.offset = 0;

    // Dynamic viewport and scissor
    std::vector<VkDynamicState> dynamicStates = {
        VK_DYNAMIC_STATE_VIEWPORT,
        VK_DYNAMIC_STATE_SCISSOR
    };

    pipeline = PipelineBuilder()
        .setShaders(vertStage, fragStage)
        .setVertexInput({binding}, {posAttr})
        .setTopology(VK_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TRIANGLE_LIST)
        .setRasterization(VK_POLYGON_MODE_FILL, VK_CULL_MODE_NONE)
        .setDepthTest(true, false, VK_COMPARE_OP_LESS_OR_EQUAL)  // depth test on, write off, LEQUAL for far plane
        .setColorBlendAttachment(PipelineBuilder::blendDisabled())
        .setLayout(pipelineLayout)
        .setRenderPass(vkCtx->getImGuiRenderPass())
        .setDynamicStates(dynamicStates)
        .build(device);

    // Shader modules can be freed after pipeline creation
    vertModule.destroy();
    fragModule.destroy();

    if (pipeline == VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
        LOG_ERROR("Failed to create skybox pipeline");
        return false;
    }

    // Create sky dome mesh and upload to GPU
    createSkyDome();

    LOG_INFO("Skybox initialized");
    return true;
}

void Skybox::shutdown() {
    destroySkyDome();

    if (vkCtx) {
        VkDevice device = vkCtx->getDevice();
        if (pipeline != VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
            vkDestroyPipeline(device, pipeline, nullptr);
            pipeline = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
        }
        if (pipelineLayout != VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
            vkDestroyPipelineLayout(device, pipelineLayout, nullptr);
            pipelineLayout = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
        }
    }

    vkCtx = nullptr;
}

void Skybox::render(VkCommandBuffer cmd, VkDescriptorSet perFrameSet, float time) {
    if (pipeline == VK_NULL_HANDLE || !renderingEnabled) {
        return;
    }

    // Push constant data
    struct SkyPushConstants {
        glm::vec4 horizonColor;
        glm::vec4 zenithColor;
        float timeOfDay;
    };

    SkyPushConstants push{};
    glm::vec3 horizon = getHorizonColor(time);
    glm::vec3 zenith = getZenithColor(time);
    push.horizonColor = glm::vec4(horizon, 1.0f);
    push.zenithColor  = glm::vec4(zenith,  1.0f);
    push.timeOfDay    = time;

    // Bind pipeline
    vkCmdBindPipeline(cmd, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipeline);

    // Bind per-frame descriptor set (set 0 — camera UBO)
    vkCmdBindDescriptorSets(cmd, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipelineLayout,
        0, 1, &perFrameSet, 0, nullptr);

    // Push constants
    vkCmdPushConstants(cmd, pipelineLayout,
        VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT | VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT,
        0, sizeof(push), &push);

    // Bind vertex buffer
    VkDeviceSize offset = 0;
    vkCmdBindVertexBuffers(cmd, 0, 1, &vertexBuffer, &offset);

    // Bind index buffer
    vkCmdBindIndexBuffer(cmd, indexBuffer, 0, VK_INDEX_TYPE_UINT32);

    // Draw
    vkCmdDrawIndexed(cmd, static_cast<uint32_t>(indexCount), 1, 0, 0, 0);
}

void Skybox::update(float deltaTime) {
    if (timeProgressionEnabled) {
        timeOfDay += deltaTime * timeSpeed;

        // Wrap around 24 hours
        if (timeOfDay >= 24.0f) {
            timeOfDay -= 24.0f;
        }
    }
}

void Skybox::setTimeOfDay(float time) {
    // Clamp to 0-24 range
    while (time < 0.0f) time += 24.0f;
    while (time >= 24.0f) time -= 24.0f;

    timeOfDay = time;
}

void Skybox::createSkyDome() {
    // Create an extended dome that goes below horizon for better coverage
    const int rings = 16;      // Vertical resolution
    const int sectors = 32;    // Horizontal resolution
    const float radius = 2000.0f;  // Large enough to cover view without looking curved

    std::vector<float> vertices;
    std::vector<uint32_t> indices;

    // Generate vertices - extend slightly below horizon
    const float minPhi = -M_PI / 12.0f;  // Start 15° below horizon
    const float maxPhi = M_PI / 2.0f;     // End at zenith
    for (int ring = 0; ring <= rings; ring++) {
        float phi = minPhi + (maxPhi - minPhi) * (static_cast<float>(ring) / rings);
        float y = radius * std::sin(phi);
        float ringRadius = radius * std::cos(phi);

        for (int sector = 0; sector <= sectors; sector++) {
            float theta = (2.0f * M_PI) * (static_cast<float>(sector) / sectors);
            float x = ringRadius * std::cos(theta);
            float z = ringRadius * std::sin(theta);

            // Position
            vertices.push_back(x);
            vertices.push_back(z);  // Z up in WoW coordinates
            vertices.push_back(y);
        }
    }

    // Generate indices
    for (int ring = 0; ring < rings; ring++) {
        for (int sector = 0; sector < sectors; sector++) {
            int current = ring * (sectors + 1) + sector;
            int next = current + sectors + 1;

            // Two triangles per quad
            indices.push_back(current);
            indices.push_back(next);
            indices.push_back(current + 1);

            indices.push_back(current + 1);
            indices.push_back(next);
            indices.push_back(next + 1);
        }
    }

    indexCount = static_cast<int>(indices.size());

    // Upload vertex buffer to GPU via staging
    AllocatedBuffer vbuf = uploadBuffer(*vkCtx,
        vertices.data(),
        vertices.size() * sizeof(float),
        VK_BUFFER_USAGE_VERTEX_BUFFER_BIT);
    vertexBuffer = vbuf.buffer;
    vertexAlloc  = vbuf.allocation;

    // Upload index buffer to GPU via staging
    AllocatedBuffer ibuf = uploadBuffer(*vkCtx,
        indices.data(),
        indices.size() * sizeof(uint32_t),
        VK_BUFFER_USAGE_INDEX_BUFFER_BIT);
    indexBuffer = ibuf.buffer;
    indexAlloc  = ibuf.allocation;

    LOG_DEBUG("Sky dome created: ", (rings + 1) * (sectors + 1), " vertices, ", indexCount / 3, " triangles");
}

void Skybox::destroySkyDome() {
    if (!vkCtx) return;

    VmaAllocator allocator = vkCtx->getAllocator();

    if (vertexBuffer != VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
        vmaDestroyBuffer(allocator, vertexBuffer, vertexAlloc);
        vertexBuffer = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
        vertexAlloc  = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
    }
    if (indexBuffer != VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
        vmaDestroyBuffer(allocator, indexBuffer, indexAlloc);
        indexBuffer = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
        indexAlloc  = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
    }
}

glm::vec3 Skybox::getHorizonColor(float time) const {
    // Time-based horizon colors
    // 0-6: Night (dark blue)
    // 6-8: Dawn (orange/pink)
    // 8-16: Day (light blue)
    // 16-18: Dusk (orange/red)
    // 18-24: Night (dark blue)

    if (time < 5.0f || time >= 21.0f) {
        // Night - dark blue/purple horizon
        return glm::vec3(0.05f, 0.05f, 0.15f);
    }
    else if (time >= 5.0f && time < 7.0f) {
        // Dawn - blend from night to orange
        float t = (time - 5.0f) / 2.0f;
        glm::vec3 night = glm::vec3(0.05f, 0.05f, 0.15f);
        glm::vec3 dawn = glm::vec3(1.0f, 0.5f, 0.2f);
        return glm::mix(night, dawn, t);
    }
    else if (time >= 7.0f && time < 9.0f) {
        // Morning - blend from orange to blue
        float t = (time - 7.0f) / 2.0f;
        glm::vec3 dawn = glm::vec3(1.0f, 0.5f, 0.2f);
        glm::vec3 day = glm::vec3(0.6f, 0.7f, 0.9f);
        return glm::mix(dawn, day, t);
    }
    else if (time >= 9.0f && time < 17.0f) {
        // Day - light blue horizon
        return glm::vec3(0.6f, 0.7f, 0.9f);
    }
    else if (time >= 17.0f && time < 19.0f) {
        // Dusk - blend from blue to orange/red
        float t = (time - 17.0f) / 2.0f;
        glm::vec3 day = glm::vec3(0.6f, 0.7f, 0.9f);
        glm::vec3 dusk = glm::vec3(1.0f, 0.4f, 0.1f);
        return glm::mix(day, dusk, t);
    }
    else {
        // Evening - blend from orange to night
        float t = (time - 19.0f) / 2.0f;
        glm::vec3 dusk = glm::vec3(1.0f, 0.4f, 0.1f);
        glm::vec3 night = glm::vec3(0.05f, 0.05f, 0.15f);
        return glm::mix(dusk, night, t);
    }
}

glm::vec3 Skybox::getZenithColor(float time) const {
    // Zenith (top of sky) colors

    if (time < 5.0f || time >= 21.0f) {
        // Night - very dark blue, almost black
        return glm::vec3(0.01f, 0.01f, 0.05f);
    }
    else if (time >= 5.0f && time < 7.0f) {
        // Dawn - blend from night to light blue
        float t = (time - 5.0f) / 2.0f;
        glm::vec3 night = glm::vec3(0.01f, 0.01f, 0.05f);
        glm::vec3 dawn = glm::vec3(0.3f, 0.4f, 0.7f);
        return glm::mix(night, dawn, t);
    }
    else if (time >= 7.0f && time < 9.0f) {
        // Morning - blend to bright blue
        float t = (time - 7.0f) / 2.0f;
        glm::vec3 dawn = glm::vec3(0.3f, 0.4f, 0.7f);
        glm::vec3 day = glm::vec3(0.2f, 0.5f, 1.0f);
        return glm::mix(dawn, day, t);
    }
    else if (time >= 9.0f && time < 17.0f) {
        // Day - bright blue zenith
        return glm::vec3(0.2f, 0.5f, 1.0f);
    }
    else if (time >= 17.0f && time < 19.0f) {
        // Dusk - blend to darker blue
        float t = (time - 17.0f) / 2.0f;
        glm::vec3 day = glm::vec3(0.2f, 0.5f, 1.0f);
        glm::vec3 dusk = glm::vec3(0.1f, 0.2f, 0.4f);
        return glm::mix(day, dusk, t);
    }
    else {
        // Evening - blend to night
        float t = (time - 19.0f) / 2.0f;
        glm::vec3 dusk = glm::vec3(0.1f, 0.2f, 0.4f);
        glm::vec3 night = glm::vec3(0.01f, 0.01f, 0.05f);
        return glm::mix(dusk, night, t);
    }
}

glm::vec3 Skybox::getSkyColor(float altitude, float time) const {
    // Blend between horizon and zenith based on altitude
    glm::vec3 horizon = getHorizonColor(time);
    glm::vec3 zenith = getZenithColor(time);

    // Use power curve for more natural gradient
    float t = std::pow(std::max(altitude, 0.0f), 0.5f);

    return glm::mix(horizon, zenith, t);
}

} // namespace rendering
} // namespace wowee