M2 GPU instancing
- M2InstanceGPU SSBO (96 B/entry, double-buffered, 16384 max)
- Group opaque instances by (modelId, LOD); single vkCmdDrawIndexed per group
- boneBase field indexes into mega bone SSBO via gl_InstanceIndex
Indirect terrain drawing
- 24 MB mega index buffer (6M uint32) + 64 MB mega vertex buffer
- CPU builds VkDrawIndexedIndirectCommand per visible chunk
- Single VB/IB bind per frame; shadow pass reuses mega buffers
- Replaced vkCmdDrawIndexedIndirect with direct vkCmdDrawIndexed to fix
host-mapped buffer race condition that caused terrain flickering
GPU frustum culling (compute shader)
- m2_cull.comp.glsl: 64-thread workgroups, sphere-vs-6-planes + distance cull
- CullInstanceGPU SSBO input, uint visibility[] output, double-buffered
- dispatchCullCompute() runs before main pass via render graph node
Consolidated bone matrix SSBOs
- 16 MB double-buffered mega bone SSBO (2048 instances × 128 bones)
- Eliminated per-instance descriptor sets; one megaBoneSet_ per frame
- prepareRender() packs bone matrices consecutively into current frame slot
Render graph / frame graph
- RenderGraph: RGResource handles, RGPass nodes, Kahn topological sort
- Automatic VkImageMemoryBarrier/VkBufferMemoryBarrier between passes
- Passes: minimap_composite, worldmap_composite, preview_composite,
shadow_pass, reflection_pass, compute_cull
- beginFrame() uses buildFrameGraph() + renderGraph_->execute(cmd)
Pipeline derivatives
- PipelineBuilder::setFlags/setBasePipeline for VK_PIPELINE_CREATE_DERIVATIVE_BIT
- M2 opaque = base; alphaTest/alpha/additive are derivatives
- Applied to terrain (wireframe) and WMO (alpha-test) renderers
Rendering bug fixes:
- fix(shadow): compute lightSpaceMatrix before updatePerFrameUBO to eliminate
one-frame lag that caused shadow trails and flicker on moving objects
- fix(shadow): scale depth bias with shadowDistance_ instead of hardcoded 0.8f
to prevent acne at close range and gaps at far range
- fix(visibility): WMO group distance threshold 500u → 1200u to match terrain
view distance; buildings were disappearing on the horizon
- fix(precision): camera near plane 0.05 → 0.5 (ratio 600K:1 → 60K:1),
eliminating Z-fighting and improving frustum plane extraction stability
- fix(streaming): terrain load radius 4 → 6 tiles (~2133u → ~3200u) to exceed
M2 render distance (2800u) and eliminate pop-in when camera turns;
unload radius 7 → 9; spawn radius 3 → 4
- fix(visibility): ground-detail M2 distance multiplier 0.75 → 0.9 to reduce
early pop of grass and debris
Whisper sender name may not be in the player name cache when the packet
arrives. Store the sender GUID and lazily resolve the name from the
cache in getLastWhisperSender(). Also backfill lastWhisperSender_ when
the SMSG_NAME_QUERY_RESPONSE arrives.
Global sequence bones (hair, cape, physics) need time values spanning
their full duration (up to ~968733ms), but animationTime wraps at the
current animation's sequence duration (~2000ms for walk). This caused
vertex spikes projecting from fingers/neck/ponytail as bones got stuck
in the first ~2s of their loop. Add a separate globalSequenceTime
accumulator that is not wrapped at the animation duration.
buildDefaultPlayerGeosets() was inserting all submeshIds 0-99 into
activeGeosets, showing every hair variation simultaneously. Now uses
the hairGeosetMap_ (from CharHairGeosets.dbc) to select only the
correct hair scalp geoset for the player's race/sex/style, matching
the existing NPC geoset filtering logic in EntitySpawner.
Hair, cape, and other physics bones use global sequences (continuously
looping timers independent of the character's current animation). The
character renderer was ignoring globalSequence entirely, causing these
bones to fall back to identity transforms and produce deformed/spiked
hair geometry. Added resolveTrackTime() to wrap global sequence time
correctly, matching the M2 renderer's existing behavior.
Revert static JSON layout changes (15-22 back to 14-21) since WotLK
loads the Classic 23-field DBC. Add getItemDisplayInfoTextureFields()
helper that detects field count at runtime and adjusts the texture
base index accordingly (14 for 23-field, 15 for 25-field).
Instance was created with Vulkan 1.1 but depthResolveSupported_ was gated
on the physical device's API version (1.2+ on RADV). This caused
vkCreateRenderPass2 (core 1.2) to dispatch through a null function pointer
when MSAA was enabled. Now requests 1.2 instance with 1.1 minimum fallback
and gates depth resolve on the actual instance API version. Also removes
all diagnostic crash-phase instrumentation from the previous investigation.
deferAfterFrameFence only waits for one frame slot's fence, but shared
resources (material descriptor sets, vertex/index buffers) are bound by
both in-flight frames' command buffers. On AMD RADV this caused
vkFreeDescriptorSets errors and eventual SIGSEGV.
Add deferAfterAllFrameFences: queues to every frame slot with a shared
counter so cleanup runs exactly once, after the last slot is fenced.
Use it for WMO, terrain, water, and character model shared resources.
Per-frame bone sets keep using deferAfterFrameFence (already correct).
Also fix character renderer vertex format: R8G8B8A8_UINT -> _SINT to
match shader's ivec4 input (RADV validation rejects the mismatch).
CharacterRenderer::destroyModelGPU now defers vertex/index buffer
destruction when replacing models mid-stream, preventing use-after-free
on AMD RADV. FXAA descriptor sets are now per-frame to eliminate
write-read races between in-flight command buffers. Water reflection
descriptor update narrowed to current frame only.
CharacterRenderer::destroyInstanceBones had the same immediate-free bug
as M2Renderer — freeing bone descriptor sets and buffers while in-flight
command buffers still reference them. Applies the same deferred pattern
via deferAfterFrameFence for the removeInstance streaming path.
auctionSellItem now resolves the item GUID internally via
backpackSlotGuids_ with resolveOnlineItemGuid fallback, matching the
pattern used by vendor sell and item use. Previously the UI passed
the GUID directly from getBackpackItemGuid() with no fallback, so
items with unset slot GUIDs silently failed to list.
Also gates CMSG_AUCTION_SELL_ITEM format by expansion: Classic/TBC
omits the itemCount and stackCount fields that WotLK requires.
M2 destroyInstanceBones and WMO destroyGroupGPU freed descriptor sets
and buffers immediately during tile streaming, while in-flight command
buffers still referenced them — causing DEVICE_LOST on AMD RADV.
Now defers GPU resource destruction via deferAfterFrameFence in streaming
paths (removeInstance, removeInstances, unloadModel). Immediate
destruction preserved for shutdown/clear paths that vkDeviceWaitIdle
first.
Also: vkDeviceWaitIdle before WMO backfillNormalMaps descriptor rebinds,
and fillModeNonSolid added to required device features for wireframe
pipelines on AMD.
Avoid semaphore reuse while the presentation engine still holds a
reference by switching from per-frame-slot to per-swapchain-image
semaphores with a rotating free semaphore for acquire.
Replace the R8G8B8A8_UNORM dummy white texture in CharacterPreview
with a proper D16_UNORM depth texture cleared to 1.0, matching the
sampler2DShadow expectation in shaders. AMD RADV enforces strict
format/sampler type compatibility.
Three bugs found via AMD RADV crash log:
1. Water reflection render pass used BOTTOM_OF_PIPE as srcStageMask but
pipelines were created against the main pass (EARLY_FRAGMENT_TESTS |
COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT). AMD enforces strict render pass compatibility
→ SIGSEGV when scene renders into reflection texture.
2. samplerAnisotropy was never enabled during device creation despite being
used in sampler creation — now requested via PhysicalDeviceSelector.
3. Shadow texture descriptor pool was reset each frame while prior frame's
command buffers might still reference it. Split into per-frame-slot pools
so each reset is fence-guarded.
DRY up renderAuraRemaining, fmtDurationCompact, classColorVec4,
classColorU32, entityClassId, classNameStr, kDispelNames, and
kRaidMarkNames — duplicated across game_screen, social_panel,
and combat_ui after the panel extraction refactors.
- moved chat panel logic out of `game_screen` into `chat_panel`
- added chat_panel.hpp and chat_panel.cpp
- updated game_screen.hpp and game_screen.cpp to integrate new `ChatPanel` component
- updated build config in CMakeLists.txt to include new UI module sources
Replace the incorrectly extracted RSA-2048 modulus (which contained
the exponent bytes embedded inside it) with the verified Blizzard
public key used across all pre-Cataclysm clients (1.12.1, 2.4.3,
3.3.5a).
Key confirmed against two independent sources:
- namreeb/WardenSigning ClientKey.hpp (72 verified sniffed modules)
- SkullSecurity wiki Warden_Modules documentation
The modulus starts with 0x6BCE F52D... and ends with ...03F4 AFC7.
Exponent remains 65537 (0x010001).
Verification algorithm: SHA1(module_data + "MAIEV.MOD"), 0xBB-padded
to 256 bytes, RSA verify-recover with raw (no-padding) mode.
Signature failures are non-fatal (log warning, continue loading) so
private-server modules signed with custom keys still work. This is
necessary because servers like ChromieCraft/AzerothCore may use their
own signing keys.
Also update warden_module.hpp status: all implementation items now ✅.
Complete the last major Warden stub — the import table parser that
resolves Windows API calls in loaded modules. This is the critical
missing piece for strict servers like Warmane.
Implementation:
- Parse Warden module import table from decompressed data (after
relocation entries): alternating libraryName\0 / functionName\0
pairs, terminated by null library name
- For each import, look up the emulator's pre-registered stub address
(VirtualAlloc, GetTickCount, ReadProcessMemory, etc.)
- Auto-stub unrecognized APIs with a no-op returning 0 — prevents
module crashes on unimplemented Windows functions
- Patch each IAT slot (sequential dwords at module image base) with
the resolved stub address
- Add WardenEmulator::getAPIAddress() public accessor for IAT lookups
- Fix initialization order: bindAPIs() now runs inside initializeModule()
after emulator setup but before entry point call
The full Warden pipeline is now: RC4 decrypt → RSA verify → zlib
decompress → parse executable → relocate → create emulator → register
API hooks → bind imports (IAT patch) → call entry point → extract
exported functions (packetHandler, tick, generateRC4Keys, unload).
Implement the three stubbed Warden module callbacks that were previously
TODO placeholders:
- **sendPacket**: Encrypts module output via WardenCrypto RC4 and sends
as CMSG_WARDEN_DATA through the game socket. Enables modules to send
responses back to the server (required for strict servers like Warmane).
- **validateModule**: Compares the module's provided 16-byte MD5 hash
against the hash received during download. Logs error on mismatch
(indicates corrupted module transit).
- **generateRC4**: Derives new encrypt/decrypt RC4 keys from a 16-byte
seed using SHA1Randx, then replaces the active WardenCrypto key state.
Handles mid-session re-keying requested by the module.
Architecture:
- Add setCallbackDependencies() to inject WardenCrypto* and socket send
function into WardenModule before load() is called
- Use thread_local WardenModule* so C function pointer callbacks (which
can't capture state) can reach the module's dependencies during init
- Wire dependencies from WardenHandler before module load
Also update warden_module.hpp status markers — RSA verification, zlib,
executable parsing, relocation, and Unicorn emulation are all implemented
(were incorrectly marked as TODO). Only API binding/IAT patching and
RSA modulus verification against real WoW.exe remain as gaps.
Remove all OpenGL/GLEW code and dependencies. The Vulkan renderer has
been the sole active backend for months; these files were dead code.
Deleted (8 files, 641 lines):
- rendering/mesh.cpp+hpp: OpenGL VAO/VBO/EBO wrapper (never instantiated)
- rendering/shader.cpp+hpp: OpenGL GLSL compiler (replaced by VkShaderModule)
- rendering/scene.cpp+hpp: Scene graph holding Mesh objects (created but
never populated — all rendering uses Vulkan sub-renderers directly)
- rendering/video_player.cpp+hpp: FFmpeg+GL texture uploader (never
included by any other file — login video feature can be re-implemented
with VkTexture when needed)
Cleaned up:
- renderer.hpp: remove Scene forward-decl, getScene() accessor, scene member
- renderer.cpp: remove scene.hpp/shader.hpp includes, Scene create/destroy
- application.cpp: remove stale "GL/glew.h removed" comment
- CMakeLists.txt: remove find_package(OpenGL/GLEW), source/header entries,
and target_link_libraries for OpenGL::GL and GLEW::GLEW
- PKGBUILD: remove glew dependency
- BUILD_INSTRUCTIONS.md: remove glew from all platform install commands
- Delete 4 legacy GLSL 330 shaders (basic.vert/frag, terrain.vert/frag)
left over from OpenGL→Vulkan migration — Vulkan equivalents exist as
*.glsl files compiled to SPIR-V by the build system
- Delete orphaned mpq_manager.hpp/cpp (694 lines) — not in CMakeLists,
not included by any file, unreferenced StormLib integration attempt
- Add comments to water.frag.glsl wave constants explaining the
multi-octave noise design: non-axis-aligned directions prevent tiling,
frequency increases and amplitude decreases per octave for natural
water appearance
- packet_parsers_tbc: explain spline waypoint cap (DoS prevention),
spline compression flags (Catmull-Rom 0x80000 / linear 0x2000 use
uncompressed format, others use packed delta), spell hit target cap
(128 >> real AOE max of ~20), guild roster cap (1000 safety limit)
- ambient_sound_manager: explain 1.5s bell toll spacing — matches
retail WoW cadence, allows each toll to ring out before the next
- character_preview.hpp: explain 4:5 portrait aspect ratio for
full-body character display in creation/selection screen
- vk_context: name FNV-1a hash constants (kFnv1aOffsetBasis/kFnv1aPrime)
with why-comment on algorithm choice for sampler cache
- transport_manager: collapse redundant if/else that both set
looping=false into single unconditional assignment, add why-comment
explaining the time-closed path design
- transport_manager: hoist duplicate kMinFallbackZOffset constants out
of separate if-blocks, add why-comment on icebreaker Z clamping
- entity: expand velocity smoothing comment — explain 65/35 EMA ratio
and its tradeoff (jitter suppression vs direction change lag)
- Fix move constructor and move assignment: set other.ownsSampler_ to
false after transfer (was incorrectly set to true, leaving moved-from
object claiming ownership of a null sampler)
- Fix destroy(): reset ownsSampler_ to false after clearing sampler
handle (was set to true, inconsistent with null handle state)
- Extract finalizeSampler() from 3 duplicated cache-or-create blocks
in createSampler() overloads and createShadowSampler() (-24 lines)
- Add SPIR-V alignment why-comment in vk_shader.cpp
- Add Inventory::FIRST_BAG_EQUIP_SLOT = 19 constant with why-comment
explaining WoW equip slot layout (bags occupy slots 19-22)
- Replace all 19 occurrences of magic number 19 in bag slot calculations
across inventory_handler, spell_handler, inventory, and game_handler
- Add UNIT_FIELD_FLAGS / UNIT_FLAG_PVP comment in combat_handler
- Add why-comment on network packet budget constants (prevent server
data bursts from starving the render loop)
- character_renderer: extract duplicated fallback texture creation
(white/transparent/flat-normal) into createFallbackTextures() — was
copy-pasted between initialize() and clear()
- wmo_renderer: replace magic 8192 with kMaxRetryTracked constant,
add why-comment explaining the fallback-retry set cap (Dalaran has
2000+ unique WMO groups)
- quest_handler: add why-comment on reqCount=0 fallback — escort/event
quests can report kill credit without objective counts in query response
- Replace all 11 occurrences of magic number 23 in backpack slot
calculations with Inventory::NUM_EQUIP_SLOTS across inventory_handler,
spell_handler, and inventory.cpp
- Add why-comment to NUM_EQUIP_SLOTS explaining WoW slot layout
(equipment 0-22, backpack starts at 23 in bag 0xFF)
- Add why-comment on 0x80000000 bit mask in item query response
(high bit flags negative/missing entry response)
- Replace manual channel membership loops with std::find in
chat_handler.cpp (YOU_JOINED and PLAYER_ALREADY_MEMBER cases)
- Add why-comment on PLAYER_ALREADY_MEMBER reconnect edge case
- spell_handler: extract duplicated item on-use spell lookup into
findOnUseSpellId() — was copy-pasted in useItemBySlot and useItemInBag
- warden_handler: add why-comment explaining the door model HMAC-SHA1
hash table (wall-hack detection for unmodified 3.3.5a client data)
- Dockerfile: fix LLVM apt repo codename (jammy → noble) for ubuntu:24.04
- build-linux.sh: add missing mkdir -p /wowee-build-src before tar extraction
- Dockerfile: remove dead ENV OSXCROSS_VERSION=1.5 and its unset
- CMakeLists: scope -undefined dynamic_lookup to wowee target only
- GameServices: remove redundant game:: qualifier inside namespace game
- application.cpp: zero out gameServices_ after gameHandler reset in shutdown
Introduce `GameServices` struct — an explicit dependency bundle that
`Application` populates and passes to `GameHandler` at construction time.
Eliminates all 47 hidden `Application::getInstance()` calls in
`src/game/*.cpp`, completing SOLID-D (dependency-inversion) cleanup.
Changes:
- New `include/game/game_services.hpp` — `struct GameServices` carrying
pointers to `Renderer`, `AssetManager`, `ExpansionRegistry`, and two
taxi-mount display IDs
- `GameHandler(GameServices&)` replaces default constructor; exposes
`services() const` accessor for domain handlers
- `Application` holds `game::GameServices gameServices_`; populates it
after all subsystems are created, then constructs `GameHandler`
(fixes latent init-order bug: `GameHandler` was previously created
before `AssetManager` / `ExpansionRegistry`)
- `game_handler.cpp`: duplicate `isActiveExpansion` / `isClassicLikeExpansion` /
`isPreWotlk` anonymous-namespace helpers removed; `game_utils.hpp`
included instead
- All domain handlers (`InventoryHandler`, `SpellHandler`, `MovementHandler`,
`CombatHandler`, `QuestHandler`, `SocialHandler`, `WardenHandler`) replace
`Application::getInstance().getXxx()` with `owner_.services().xxx`
queryTimeMs and queryCallCount on WMORenderer and M2Renderer were plain
mutable doubles/uint32s written by getFloorHeight (dispatched on async
threads from CameraController) and read by the main thread. This is
undefined behavior per C++ — thread sanitizer would flag it. Changed to
std::atomic with relaxed ordering (adequate for diagnostics) and updated
QueryTimer to use atomic fetch_add/compare_exchange.
elapsedTime_ was float (32-bit, ~7 significant digits). At 16384
seconds the float can only represent integers, so elapsedTime_*1000
jumps in 1-second steps — ships and elevators visibly jerk. Changed to
double (53-bit mantissa) which maintains sub-millisecond precision for
~285 million years. Also changed lastServerUpdate to double to match.
pendingPlayerSpawns_, deferredEquipmentQueue_, and
pendingGameObjectSpawns_ are consumed from the front via erase(begin()),
which is O(n) on vector (shifts all elements). With many spawns queued
(entering a city), this made the processing loop O(n²). deque supports
O(1) front erasure. pendingCreatureSpawns_ already used deque.
